Stent-Assisted AV fistula

An arteriovenous fistula, or AV fistula, is a surgically created connection between an artery and a vein that provides reliable vascular access for hemodialysis in patients with chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal failure. Dialysis patients need an AV fistula because it allows high-volume blood flow to and from the dialysis machine, enabling efficient removal of toxins and excess fluid when the kidneys can no longer perform this function. Compared to catheters or grafts, AV fistulas offer better long-term patency, lower infection risk, and improved overall dialysis outcomes.